Mythology Questions

Kelly Nelson
AP English Lit-4
Bosch
17 August 2007
Mythology
Chapter 1
-Who were the titans?
-They were elder gods, the children of Heaven and Earth. The titans were the supremes of the universe for untold ages, they had incredible strengths and they were enormous.
-What happened to them?
-Zeus dethroned his father Cronus, or Saturn who had ruled over the Titans and was considered the most important Titan in Greek mythology.
-What characterizes the Golden Age?
-A time of perfect peace and happiness which lasted as long as Saturn reigned in Italy, where he fled to when his son Zeus or Jupiter dethroned him.
-Zeus:
-How does Zeus gain power?
-He gains power by dethroning his father.
-Why is he depicted as having so many extra marital affairs?
-The Greeks didn’t view the gods as gods to worship, but just beings to entertain them. The idea of Zeus having so many extramarital affairs was amusing to them.
-Who was even stronger than Zeus?
-Fate is stronger than Zeus.
-Where is his oracle? How does it work?
-His oracle was Dodona in the land of oak trees. When the leaves rustled in the oak trees it was seen as Zeus’s will, and the priests interpreted just what his will was.
-What are some of the objects associated with him?
-The sky, rain, clouds, the thunderbolt, the eagle and the oak tree.
-What is aegis?
-It was his breast plate.
Hera:
-Who is she and whom does she protect on earth?
-She is the wife and sister of Zeus, she protects marriage and is the protector of married women on earth.
-Who is Ilithyia?
-She is Hera’s daughter.
-What city/bird/animal are associated with her?
-Argos was her favorite city, the peacock was her bird, and the cow was her animal.
-How would you describe her relationship with her husband?
-She was very scornful, and very jealous of all the other women Zeus fell in love with. She punished all of them and treated them all the same. Since Zeus is always cheating on her, they didn’t have a very strong relationship and she couldn’t trust him.
Poseidon:
-What does he rule?
-He rules the ocean (sea) along with horses.
-Who is his wife?
-His wife was Amphitrite who was a grandaughter of the Titan Ocean.
-What animal does he give to mankind?
-he have mankind the first horse.
-What (besides Neptune) was he commonly called?
-He was often called “Eather-Shaker”.
-What is the trident?
-A thre pronged spear, which Posiedon would shake and shatter whatever he wanted.
Hades:
-What does Pluto mean?
-It means the God of Wealth. He was called this because he was deep in the earth with the precious metals hidden there.
-Who and what is he the king of?
-He is the King of Wealth and the King of the Dead. He ruled of over the underworld, and over the dead souls that reside there.
-What does his famous cap do to whoever wears it?
-It made whoever wore it turn invisible.
-Who is his wife?
-His wife’s name is Persephone. He carried her away from the earth and made her Queen of the Underworld.
-How would you describe his personality?
-He’s fair and just, but terrible because he is the God of Death, yet he is not evil.
Pallas Athena:
-Who were her parents?
-She is the daughter of Zeus, she had no mother, she sprang from Zeus’s head.
-Over whom is she the protector?
-She is the protector of civilized life, handicrafts, and agriculture.
-What did she invent?
-She invented the first bridle and first tamed horses for men to use.
-What was her relationship like with Zeus?
-They had a relationship filled with trust, and she was his favorite child.
-What words are used to frequently describe her?
-She is described as “grey-eyed” and sometimes it is translated into “flashing-eyed.”
-Where is the Partheon?
-It is in Athens.
-What is her bird/tree/city?
-Her city is Athens, her tree was the olive tree, she created it. And her bird is the owl.
Phoebus Apollo:
-Who were his parent?
-he was the son of Zeus and Leto.
-Where was he born?
-he was born on Delos, a little island.
-What instument does he play?
-He played a golden lyre of which he was the master musician.
-What did he first teach men?
-He first taught men the healing art.
-Of what is he god?
-The God of Light and the God of Truth.
-Where was his oracle?
-In Delphi under towering Parnassus.
-What (besides the oracle) is so special about this site?
-It was the center o the world. Many people went there to seek the truth that the priestess would deliver to them, she went into a trance before she spoke.
-What is a tripod?
-A three legged stool where the priestess sat and is was placed on a rock by a deep cleft.
-Who was Python?
-A serpent Apollo killed that used to live in the caves of Parnassus.
-What does Phoebus mean?
-It means “brilliant” or “shining”.
-What is his tree/animal?
-His tree is the laurel. There were many animals that were sacred to him, but the most sacred were the dolphin and the crow.
Artemis:
-What is she also called (besides Dianna)?
-She is also called Cyntha, because she was born in Mount Cynthus in Delos.
-Who are her parent?
-Her parents were Zeus and Leto.
-Who are the three maiden goddesses?
-the pure maiden Vesta, Grey-eyed Athena, and Artemis.
-Describe her personality.
She’s fierce and revengeful.
-What does she love to do?
-She loves to hunt, she is the Huntsman-in-Chief to the gods.
-What is her connection to the moon?
-Since her twin brother Apollo was the Sun she was the Moon and took on the names Phoebe (an old Titan’s name) and Selene (an older name of a moon goddess).
-What animal/tree is sacred to her?
-Her tree is the cyprus , and the deer was most sacred to her out of all the wild animals that she loved.
Aphrodite:
-Of what is she the goddess?
-She is the Goddess of Love.
-How is she born?
-She sprang from the foams of the sea from which her name comes from, “the foam risen.”
-Who is her husband?
-Her husband is Hephaestus (Vulcan) in most of the stories.
-How would you characterize her personality?
-In the Illiad she is weak but in later poems she is malicious and had a deadly power over men. Mostly she is described as lovely and without her there would be no joy.
Hermes:
-Who are his parents?
-His father was Zeus and his mother was Maia.
-What does he look like?
-He had winged sandals, and on his crowned hat. He was the most familiar god to the Greeks than any other god.
-What is his magic wand called?
-His wand is called Caduceus.
-What does he invent?
-He invented the lyre which he gave to Apollo.
-Describe his personality.
-He was shrewd and cunning and also solemn.
-Of what is he the god?
-He is the God of Commerce and Market.
-What is his function for the realm of the dead?
-He was the guide of the dead. He led the souls down to their last home.
Ares:
-Who are his parents?
-Zeus and Hera are his parents.
-Of What is he god?
-He is the God of War.
-What is his personality like?
-He is hateful, ruthless, murderous, and a coward.
-Who are his companions on the battlefield?
-His companions on the battlefield are the Goddess of War Enyo and Terror, Trembling, and Pain. As well as his sister Eris and her son Strife.
-Why are their names apt?
-Their names are apt because they are really just a symbol of war, and all that comes with it, rather than distinct personalities. Their names reflect the symbol they represent.
-Who is his bird/animal?
-His bird is the vulture.
-With whom does he have an illicit affair?
-He has an illicit affair with Aphrodite.
Hephaestus:
-What makes him different from the other gods?
-He was the only ugly immortal among all the gods, and he was lame. It was said he was cast out of heaven by his mother because he was deformed.
-Who are his parents?
-His parents are Zeus and Hera. It is also said that he is the son of Hera alone, in retaliation to Athena.
-What is his job?
-He is the workman of the immortals. He makes their armor and homes and furnishings as well as their weapons.
-Who helps him in his tasks?
-Handmaidens which he forged out of gold.
-What is his relationship to volcanoes?
-His forge is said to be under a volcano when it erupts.
-Whom does he protect on earth?
-He was the protector of smiths and Athena of weavers.
Hestia:
-Of what is she goddess?
-She is the goddess of the Hearth.
-How does she fit into the Olympian family?
-She was Zeus’s sister.
-What is her role in founding colonies?
-A colonist carried coals from the hearth with them from the mother city sot hey could use it to kindle a fire on the new city’s hearth.
-What are the priestesses called who guard her flame in Rome?
-They are called Vestals.
The Lesser Gods of Olympus
Eros:
-Of what is he the god?
-he was the God of Love (Cupid).
-What is his relationship to Aphrodite?
-At first he was just her companion but then later on it was said he was her mischievous son.
-How is he frequently represented?
-He is often represented as blindfolded because of the saying Love is Blind.
Hebe:
-Of what is she goddess?
-She is the Goddess of Youth.
-Who were her parents?
Her parents were Zeus and Hera.
-Who does she marry?
-She marries Hercules, which is the only story she is in.
Iris:
-Of what is she goddess?
-She is the Goddess of the rainbow.
-What is her job?
-She is the messenger of the gods.
The Muses:
-How many?
-There were nine muses.
-Who are their parents?
-They were daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne.
-What are their names and their particular fields?
-Clio was the muse of history.
-Urania was the muse of astronomy.
-Melopomene was the muse of tragedy.
-Thalia was the muse of comedy
-Terpsichore was the muse of dance.
-Calliope was the muse of epic poetry.
-Erato was the must of love poetry.
-Polyhymnia was the muse of songs to the gods.
-Euterpe was the muse of lyric poetry.
-Who are Themis, Dike, Nemesis and Aidos?
-Themis was one of the august forms. Themis means right or Divine Justice.
-Dike is the other august form. Dike means human Justice.
-Nemesis is translated as Righteous Anger.
-Aidos means reverence and shame that holds men back from wrong doing.
The Gods of the Waters:
1.Who was Poseidon?
-He was the Lord and Ruler of the sea.
2.Who is Triton? Who are his parents? With what object is he associated?
He was the trumpeter of the sea. He was the son of Poseidon and Amphirite.
3.What are Proteus’ two useful powers?
He can foretell the future and change into any shape at will.
4.What are the Naiads? Who do they differ from the Nereids?
They are water nymphs. They dwelled in brooks, springs and fountains as opposed to Nereids who dwelled in the sea.
The Underworld:
1.Names to know:
Hades: ruled the underworld.
Persephone: Hades’ Queen who also ruled the Underworld.
Charon: an aged boatman who ferries the souls of the dead across the water to the farther bank
Cerberus: the three headed dragon tailed dog who guards the gate and who permits all spirits to enter but none to return.
Styx: the river of unbreakable oath.
Lethe: the river of forgetfulness
Elysian Fields: a place where good soulds go for their final resting place.
2.
3.Who are the Furies? Through what gate do true dreams come?
The Furies are punishers of evil doers. What gate which true dreams come from is the one of horn.
The Lesser God of Earth:
1. Of what are Demeter and Dionysus, respectively goddess and god?
-Demeter was the Goddess of Corn. Dionysus is the God of the Divine.
2.Pan:
-Who is his father?
His father was Hermes.
-He’s part animal-which animal?
He is part goat.
-Where does he live?
He lives in the wilderness.
-What instrument does he play?
He plays on his pipes.
-How would you characterize his luck with the ladies?
He has no luck with the ladies because he was so ugly.
-What is the relationship between him and our word “panic”?
He is associated with our word “panic” because whenever sounds were heard in the wild at night it was said to be Pan, and it gave travelers fear.
-Describe his personality
He was loving to all wild creatures.
3. Silenus:
-What animal does he ride and why?
He rides an ass because he’s always too dunk to walk.
-Whom does he teach?
He teaches Bacchus and Pan.
-What does he resemble in looks?
He resembles a fat old man.
4. The Sileni: Describe them.
They were part human and part horse. They walked on two legs with horses hooves in place of feet. They always had horse tails and sometimes horse ears.
5. The Satyrs, Dryads:
-Who/what are they? Where do they gather? Describe their appearance.
Satyrs: they were goat men like Pan. They gather in the wilderness. They aren’t ugly like Pan is , but “lovely maiden forms”.
Dryads: They were nymphs of trees. They lived in the tree they were bound to.
6. Aeolus:
-Of what is he king?
He is the King of the Winds.
-What are the Greek names of the four chief winds and their direction?
Boreas the North Wind, Zephyr the West Wind, Notus the South Wind, and Eurus the East Wind.
7.Chiron:
-What type of creature is he?
He is a centaur.
-What would he look like?
He would look like half horse half man.
-For what is he known?
-he is known for his goodness and wisdom.
Gorgons:
-What did they look like?
They looked like dragons, had wings and turned men to stone with their look.
Graiae:
-What is unusual about this trio of old women?
They had one eye between them all.
10. The Sirens:
-For what are they infamous?
-They were infamous for luring sailors to their death by singing with their Chan chanting voices.
11. The Fates:
-What is their Greek name?
Their Greek name is Moirie
-What do they do?
They spin threads of life assigned each man his destiny, and cut the thread of death.
-What is the meaning of Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos’?
Clotho meant the spinner, Lachesis meant the disposer of lots and Atropos meant she who could not be turned.

Chapter 2
A. Do you agree with Hamilton’s condemnation of the Greek Pantheon as mostly “harmful and capricious” in the first paragraph of this chapter?
Yes, I agree with Hamilton’s view of Greek Pantheon as mostly no use to humans
And sometimes harmful. There are hardly any accounts of the gods helping a human, mostly just causing them hardships.
Demeter:
-Of what is she goddess/
She is the Goddess of Corn.
-Why does Hamilton argue that Demeter has to be a woman?
Hamilton says this because she believes that divine power that brings grain should belong to a goddess not a god, while men fought, the women took care of the field.
-When is her chief festival?
It came at harvest time. It was like a Thanksgiving day, but dedicated to the goddess.
-Why do we not know more about the Eleusinian Mysteries?
We do not know more about the Eleusinian Mysteries because the people who held it were bound by a vow of silence and could not reveal what went on in the chief part of the ceremony.
Homeric Hymn to Demeter and a Study Guide to Demeter’s Hymn:
-Who is Persephone?
She is Demeter’s only daughter.
-Where does she go?
-She was taken away to the Underworld by Hades.
-How does Demeter react to her disappearance?
She grieves tremendously and she keeps her gifts from the earth and the earth turns into a frozen desert.
-Why does she disguise herself?
She does not want anyone on earth to recognize her so she can search for her daughter.
-How does Demeter try to give Demophoon immortal youth?
-She tries to give him immortal youth by anointing him with ambrosia every night and placing him in the red heart of fire.
-Why isn’t she successful?
-The mother was spying on the goddess and what she did with Demophoon. The mother was uneasy.
-What effect does Demeter’s grief have on the earth?
-Nothing grew on the earth because of Demeter’s grief over the loss of her daughter. She would never let the earth bear fruit until she got to see her daughter.
-Why does Zeus pull rank on Hades and force him to return Persephone?
-He forced Hades to return Persephone because Demeter’s grief and anger was so great that the entire human race would have died if she had not gotten her daughter back.
-What is the importance of the pomegranate?
-The significance of the pomegranate was to see if Persephone would hold true to her word and not be sorrowful about Hades, and if she thought well oh him, she would return because she ate the pomegranate.
-What sad message does Rhea bring to Demeter?
-the sad message she delivers to Demeter was that she must give up her daughter to the Underworld for four months every year.
Dionysus:
-Of what is he god?
-He is the god of Wine.
-Why does Hamilton call Dionysus and Demeter “suffering gods”?
-She refers to them as “suffering gods” because unlike the gods in Olympus they know of suffering because they dwell on earth.
Homeric Hymn to Dionysus and Study Guide:
-Who are Dionysus’s parents?
His parents are Zeus and the Theban princess Semele
-What awful fate befalls his mother?
Under the influence of Hera she wishes to see Zeus as he looks in Olympus and is killed by the glorious burning light.
-Why does Zeus have to uphold his promise?
Because he told Semele that he would do anything she wanted and swore to the river Styx.
-What is unusual about his birth?
-His mother didn’t give birth to him because she died. Zeus snatched him away and hid him from Hera until he was to be born.
-Why is Dionysus’ birth of fire and childhood of rain appropriate for his function as god of the vine?
-His birth of fire and childhood of rain was appropriate because hard burning heat ripens grapes and water keeps grapes alive.
-Why do the pirates kidnap Dionysus?
They kidnap him because he looked like a son of kings, a son of whom could pay a great ransom.
-How does Dionysus exhibit his divinity to the pirates?
-The ropes don’t bind him, they fell apart when they touched him. When the pirates were ready to sail, and wind filled their sails, their ship didn’t move. Dionysus made wine run in streams down the deck, and a vine spread over the sail. He made fruit grow on the ship.
-What fate do the pirates suffer?
-When they jump ship they are turned into dolphins.

-Who are the Maenads?
They are women who frenzied with wine and worshiped Dionysus.
-How do the followers of Dionysus differ in the worship from the attendees of the other gods?
-They did not build him a temple to worship him in, instead they run wildly through forests, sing songs about him and kill animals in his name.
-What are the two ideas present in the worship of this god?
-The two ideas present are singing and being in the wild.

-Why does Dionysus return to Thebes?
-He returns to establish worship there.
-Who is Pentheus?
-He was the king of Thebes, he was the son of Semele’s sister which made him Dionysus’s cousin.
-Why does he ignore the advice of Tiresias and the band of soldiers?
-Because Tiresias is in the same garb as the annoying worshipers of Dionysus.
-What awful fate does Pentheus experience?
-He is torn apart by Dionysus’s followers along with his mother and sister, they saw him as a beast.
-Why do you think Dionysus encouraged his demise?
-He encouraged it because Pentheus refused to heed to any warning given to him and acted very horribly towards Dionysus even though Dionysus only returned it with kindness until the end.

-What, besides viticulture, is Dionysus’ greatest gift to the world?
-His greatest gift to the world was happy freedom and confidence.
-Where is his festival celebrated?
-His festival was celebrated in spring and lasts for five days it took place in a theatre.
-What does the ceremony entail?
-The ceremony was the performance of a play.
-Why and how does Dionysus die every year?
-he died with the coming of the cold because during the winter the grape vine bears no fruit and has no leaves. It looks dead. He was torn to pieces sometimes by Titans or by Hera’s orders.
Chapter Three
-What is the “world” like before the gods came on the scene?
-Everything was a vast dark and shapeless nothingness before the gods arrived.
-Night and Erebus are the first two children of Chaos. Who is their Child?
-Their child is love.
-Why is this child so important for later developments?
-The child is so important because Love created Light and with Light came Earth. Without Earth there wouldn’t be humans.
-What is Hamilton’s theory about the personification of Earth and Heaven?
-Hamilton’s theory about thte personification of Earth and Heaven was that the people who told these stories told them as if the universe was alive. There was no clear distinction between people and places. The storytellers were setting the scene for the appearance of man.
-Why does that personification blossom with the introduction of later figures?
-
-Who are the first creatures to have the appearance of life?
-The first creatures to have the appearance of life were monsters that looked sort of like men, they were the children of Mother Earth and Father Heaven.
-Who injures Heaven?
-Titan Cronus injured heaven because Heaven mistreated his children terribly and Earth wanted someone to help her get back at him.
-What springs from the blood of the injured Heaven?
-The giants sprang up from his blood along with the Furies.
-Why does Zeus eventually overthrow Cronus?
-He eventually overthrows Cronus because it was said that one of Cronus children would dethroned him and so Cronus swallowed all his children. Zeus’s mother hid him before Cronus could get him and Zeus eventually dethroned him.
-How does Rhea fool Cronus?
-She secretly had Zeus carried off to Crete.
-How does Zeus rescue his siblings?
-He along with Earth, his grandmother, forced Cronus to disgorge his siblings.
-What happens to the stone that fools Cronus?
-It was left in Pausanias and it was anointed every day.

-Who helps Cronus in the war?
-He was helped by his brother Titans in the war against Zeus.
-How does Zeus punish his enemies after they lose?
-He locked them up deep in the earth.
-Who is Atlas and what is his fate?
-He was Prometheus’s brother and he was forced to carry the earth on his shoulders.
-Who then must Zeus fight to become undisputed world champion?
-He has to fight Typhon and after that the giants rebelled.
Who are the Cimmerians?
-They were mysterious people who lived on the farther bank of the ocean.
-The Hyperboreans?
-They were people who lived at the most north place of the earth.
-Where is the realm of the dead?
-The realm of the dead was on the Ocean’s bank.
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-How was man created?
-Prometheus shaped humans into a nobler shape than animals. Upright like the gods and he lit a torch and brought fire to earth from heaven.
-What do Prometheus and Epimetheus’ names mean, and why are they apt?
-Prometheus’ name means forethought, Epimetheus’ name means afterthought. They are apt because they’re names reflect their behavior. Epimetheus was careless, scatterbrained and never thought of the consequences of anything until after he did it. His brother Prometheus was the opposite.

-Describe the various ages of man, starting with gold and ending with iron.
-The gold race was the first race of men, they knew no sorrow like the gods.
-The silver race was the second race of men and they weren’t very smart. They couldn’t stop hurting each other, their spirits didn’t live on after they died.
-The third race was brass, they were terrible, yet strong. They loved war and violence so much that they destroyed themselves.
-The fourth race of men were godlike heroes who went on great adventures and had glorious wars.
-The fifth race is the iron race, they have too much evil in them and never rest from toil and sorrow,. They grow worse as generations pass. Eventually their behavior and nature will get so bad that good will cease to exist.
-What two gripes does Zeus have against Prometheus?
-He was angry at Prometheus for stealing fire for mankind and for tricking him into choosing fat and bones to be sacrificed to the gods.
-How does Zeus get revenge?
-Zeus gets revenge by creating women, specifically Pandora.
-What does Pandora’s name mean and why is it apt?
-Her name means “the gift of all” she was crucial in the creation of women who were evil to men.
-Hamilton calls Pandora a “beautiful disaster.” Do you agree? Why/why not.
-I agree with Hamilton’s description of Pandora as a “beautiful disaster” because Zeus had made her beautiful but he had also made her evil so as to bring sorrow to men.
-What is in Pandora’s infamous box?
-Some things that were harmful to men that each god had placed inside. Plagues, and misery. But there was also hope.
-Why does she open it?
-She opens it because her curiosity gets the best of her.
-What is the result?
-All the plagues of sorry and misery escape from the box and haunt mankind.
-What does not come screeching out of the box and why is it appropriate for hope to remain?
-Hope does not come screeching out of the box, it is appropriate for hope to remain because it is the only break men get from sorrow and misery.
-How does Zeus personally punish Prometheus for helping mankind?
-He was bound to a rock in agony for all eternity by Zeus.
-How does Prometheus escape?
-He escapes when Chiron the centaur sacrifices himself for Prometheus and when Hercules slew the eagle and delivered him from his bonds.
-Does the Deluge remind you of any other stories?
-It is very much like The Flood in the bible.
-Why does Zeus send the flood?
-He sends the flood because mankind became very evil and stopped worshiping the gods.
-Who are saved? How?
-Prometheus’ son and his neice were saved. He knew of the flood and told his son to build a chest, store it with provisions and then get inside with his wife.
-Why is Zeus not angry at their survival?
-Because Prometheus’ son and his wife were devout worshipers of his and the other gods.
-What are they urged to do?
- They are urged to cast the bones of their mother behind them.
-At what solution to they arrive?
-They figure out that earth is the mother of all, and stones are her bones so they throw stones behind them.
-How is the new race born?
-The stones took human shape and were called Stone People.

Chapter Four:
Europa:
1. How does Zeus fall in love with Europa?
-The Goddess of Love shot one of her shafts into Zeus’s heart while he was watching Europa and the other maidens pick flowers and he fell madly in love with her.
2.What does Zeus change himself into when he appears before Europa for the first time?
-He changed himself into a bull.
3. Where does Zeus take Europa after they cross the sea?
-He takes her to Crete after they cross the sea.
The Cyclops Polyphemus:
1. Who lands his boat on the Cyclops’s land?
-Odysseus lands his boat on the Cyclops’s land.
2.how does Odysseus damage Polyphemus’s eye?
-He gets a huge stick and he and his men sharpened it, then they gave him wine and when he fell asleep they stabbed his eye.
3. Who is Polyphemus’s father?
-His father is Poseidon.
4. With whom does Polyphemus fall in love?
-he falls in love with Galatea, a charming mocking sea nymph.
Flower Myths:
Why is it natural for flowers to be connected with the gods?
-It was natural to associate flowers with the gods because all things in heaven and earth were mysteriously linked with beautiful things and the flowers were exquisite.
Narcissus:
1.How does Zeus use the narcissus flower to help Hades lure Persehpone?
-He made her follow the flowers and lured her away from the other maidens. Hades took her when she reached out for the flower.
2.Why does Hera punish Echo?
-She assumed that Echo was the one Zeus was cheating on her with.
3.How does she punish her?
-She condemned Echo to never speak unless to mimic what some one has said before her.
4.What happens to Echo after she is rejected by Narcissus?
-She hides in a lonely cave never to be comforted.
5.How does Nemesis punish Narcissus?
-He made Narcissus fall madly in love with his own reflection until he died.
6. How does death set Narcissus free?
-Death sets him free because he will no longer be forced to pine after his reflection.
7.What happens to narcissus’s body after he dies?
-His body couldn’t be found, in it’s place was a new flower which the nymphs named narcissus.
Hyacinthus:
1. How does Hyacinthus die?
-he was slain in a contest with Apollo, and lost too much blood.
2.What happens to Hycinthus after he dies?
-his head fell back like a flower does when it’s stem is broken, and a new flower bloomed to make Hycinthus’ name known forever.
Adonis:
1.What is the name of Adonis’s flower?
-His flower was called anemone.
2.With which two goddesses does Adonis split his time?
-He split his time with Persephone, and Aphrodite.
3. What seasons does he spend with each?
-He spent Autumn and winter with Persephone, and Spring and Summer with Aphrodite.
4.How does Adonis die?
-He was left wounded by a boar he was hunting.
Chapter Five:
1.Why is Venus so jealous of Psyche?
-she is jealous of her because of Psyche’s beauty, and men worshiped her more than they did Venus.
2.What does Venus tell her son Cupid to do to Psyche?
-She tells him to make her fall in love with the ugliest man on earth.
3.How does Psyche feel about going to meet her destined husband? How does the rest of her family feel? Why?
-She feels relief that her loneliness will be over. Her family is distraught and morns for her because they were told by an oracle that her husband will be a terrible serpent.
4.Where is Psyche taken when she goes to the hilltop? What is surprising about the atmosphere and the way that she is treated?
-She is taken to a beautiful palace. What is surprising about the atmosphere is that it was very welcoming, yet she was alone the entire time.
5. How doe Psyche’s sisters react when they visit her and see all of her wealth?
-They are terribly jealous of her sister instead of being happy for her.
6.What is significant about the story they make up about her husband?
7.What is the plan that Psyche carries out one evening? Why is she shocked at her findings?
-Her plan is to look upon her husband. She is shocked that he is the beautiful God of Love and not an ugly serpent as her sisters told her.
8.Who does her husband turn out to be and what does he do/say when he sees her?
-Her husband is Cupid and he leaves her and says where there is no trust there can be no love.
9.Psyche searches everywhere for her husband. Where does she finally find him and what is he doing there?
-She finds him at his mothers house tending to his wound.
10. What are the four things Venus makes Psyche do out of bitterness and envy? How does Psyche manage to accomplish them?
She is told to sort grain, gather wool from a fierce flock of sheep, fill a flask from the river Styx, and go to the underworld and bring back a chest from Prosepine. She accomplishes these jobs always by the help and mercy of others.
11.Why does Psyche open the box of beauty and what happens when she does?
-She was curious, and she wanted to look beautiful for Cupid if she ever saw him again. She falls into a deep sleep when she opens it.
12. How and why does Psyche become immortal?
-Jupiter gives her the ambrosia.
13. Is Venus satisfied with the situation? Why or why not?
-Yes because now that Psyche is an immortal, the men will bring there attention back to Venus and now that she is immortal she is worthy to marry her son.
14. What does the name Psyche mean?
-It means Love and Soul.
Chapter Six:
Pygmalion and Galatea:
-At what is Pygmalion skilled?
He is a skilled sculptor.
-What does Pygmalion hate?
He hates women.
-Of what does he make a statue and how does he feel about it?
He makes a statue of a woman and falls deeply and madly in love with it.
-What god/goddess helps him?
-Venus the Goddess of Passionate Love helps him.
-What does Pygmalion ask of her?
He asks her to help him find a woman exactly like the one he sculpted.
-Why does he think something favorable will happen?
He thinks something favorable will happen because when he prayed at Venus’ altar the flame leaped up three times which was a good omen.
-What does he find when he goes home?
-He finds that Venus turned his statue into a real woman.
-Whom does he marry?
He marries his statue which he named Galatea.


Chapter Seven:
1. Who is the king of Greece? What is the state of his marriage?
Athamas was the king of Greece. He put his wife away because he was annoyed with her.
2.How does Ino plan to get ride of the King’s children?
She got a hold of all the seed corn and made it dry so there would be no harvest. Then she bribed an oracle to say that the only way to get the harvest back was to kill the prince the son of Nephele.
3.What happens to Phrixus? How does he thank the gods and the King?
When he was taken to the altar a ram with golden fleece snatched him and his sister into the air.
4.Who is Jason? What has he set out to do? Who is Philias? On what terms will Philias give Jason his kingdom?
-Jas on is the kings son, the rightful heir to Greece.
5.Who joins Jason on his journey? Which god protects them/ what is the name of ht ship?
Young men of Greece who were all men of noble births, sons or grandsons of gods. Hera protected them, the ship was called Argo.
6. What is Lemnos and who are the people living therhe?What happens to Hercules?
Lemnos is a island only of women. Hercules stays behind there looking for his lost companion.
7.Who were the Harpie? Who was Phineus how is he punished? How do Jason and his Companions help him? What advice does Phineus give Jason?
The Harpies were flying creatures with hooked beaks and claws, they were Zeus’s hounds. Phineus was a man whom Apollo had given the ability to tell the future. He is punished by never being aloud to eat. Boreas’s sons slayed the Harpies after Jason and the other Argonauts went to get food for Phineus. Phineus gave them advice on how to get through the Clashing rocks.
8. Who are the Amazons?
-They are warrior women, the daughters of Harmony and Ares.
9.What does Hera ask Aphrodite to do? Why? What is Cupid told to do? How does this action effect Medea?
-Her asks Aphrodite to have cupid make the daughter of the Colchian King fall in love with Jason.
10. For what does Jason ask king Aeetes and what is his response?
Jason asked him for the golden fleece. He gave Jason a task, and if he could complete this task, then they could have the fleece.
11.What is the trial the kings gives Jason? How and why does Medea help him? for what is the rock?
-The king tells Jason to yoke two bulls he had whose feet were bronze and breathed fire and plow a field with them. Then teethe of a dragon had to be thrown into the furros and they would turn into an army. Medea gives him an ointment that makes him and his weapons invincible. She helps him because she is in love with him. The rock is for casting out into the midst of the army so they will destroy themselves.
12.What guards the fleece?
-The fleece is guarded by a terrible serpent.
13.What goddess continues to take care of the Argonauts on their return trip?
Hera continues to take care of them.
14.What is the situation when Jason returns with the fleece?
-He learns that Pelias forced his father to kill himself and his mother died of grief.
15.What does Medea trick Pelias’s daughters into doing?
-She tricks them into killing their father.
16. How does Jason upset Medea? What dose she threaten?
-He came to her when she was exiled and told her that she didn’t save him on all of their adventures but Aphrodite did. She gets upset and plots revenge.
17.Who does Medea find cause her to fall for Jason? How does she react?
-She found out that Aphrodite caused her to fall for Jason, she is very upset.
18.What does Medea give to Jason’s bride? What happens to her?-She gave her a beautiful robe powdered with poison, her flesh burned off and she died.
19.What does Medea do after the murder? What is Jason’s response?
-She kills her two sons and then fled. Jason tried to kill her but she got away.
Chapter Eight:
Phaethon:
1. Who is Phaethon’s mother?
-His mother is Cymene.
2.Why does Phaethon seek out the Sun god?
-He sought the sun god to find out if he was his father.
3.What does Phaethon ask to do? Why is the Sun reluctant to allow this request?
-He wants to drive his fathers chariot. He is reluctant because no one but he can master the horses and the chariot.
4.Describe the route the Sun travels daily. What is the road like? The horses? The Monsters?
-The road is so steep that the horses can hardly climb it, the descents is so great it’s a wonder he doesn’t crash. There are no cities of gods, no beautiful things there are fierce beasts. The bull, Lion, Scorpion, and the Crab will all try to harm him.
5.As soon as Phaethon drives the chariot, what do the horses realize? How do they react?
-They realize that their master is not there, and they react by going out of control and becoming their own masters.
6.What happens to the world during Phaethon’s ride? What does mother earth request? How does Jove react? What happens to Phaethon?
-The world gets set on fire and Phaethon dies.

Pegasus and Bellerophon:
1. Who is Glaucus? How does he bring the wrath of the gods upon himself? What is his fate?
He is the King of Corinth, the son of Sisyphus. He fed his horses human flesh. His fate was to be thrown from his chariot and torn to pieces and eaten by his horses.
2.Who is rumored to be Bellerophon’s father? Who is his mother? Why does it seem likely he is the son of a god?
-Poseidon was rumored to be his father. His mother was Eurynome. It’s likely he’s the son of a god because he had so many gifts and his spirit and body made it seem possible.
3.What does Bellerophon want? Who is Polyidus? What does he advise Bellerophon to do?
-He wants Pegasus the horse with wings.
4.What is Bellerophon given so he can gain Pegasus? Who gives it to him?
-He is given a bridal made completely of gold. A beautiful goddess gave it to him.
5.Why does Anteia want her husband to kill Bellerophon? Why will he not do so? What does he do instead?
-She wanted him killed because he refused her, the King will not kill him because Bellerophon ate at his table. He instead devises a plan that would have the same result.
6.What does the letter to the King of Lycia read? What does the king do in response?
-The king of Lycia reads that Proteus wants Bellerophon killed. He asked him to slay the Chimera.
7.Name three great beings Bellerophon conquered.
-Pegasus, the chimera,
8.Did Bellerophon and Proteus ever reconcile? How?
-Yes they became friends when Proteus kept trying to give Bellerophon tasks that should have killed him but didn’t.
9. What eventually causes the beginning of Bellerophon’s demise?
He begins to get a big ego about all of his accomplishments and he begins to think thoughts too great for man and thought he belonged with the immortals. Pegasus wouldn’t ride to the heavens and Bellerophon died by wandering alone wallowing in self pity and devouring his own soul.
10. What happened after Bellerophon’s death?
Pegasus Brought the thunder and lightning to Zeus.
Daedalus:
1.What is Daedulus’ profession? What famous object does he build?
-He was an architect, he built the Labyrinth for the minotaur in Crete.
2.Who is Daedulus’ son?
-His son is Icarus.
3. Why does King Minos imprison Daedulus and his son?
-Because they had help the Athenians to escape.
5.Of what does Daedulus warn his son? What happens when his son does not heed this warning?
-He warns his son that he mustn’t fly too high. His son’s wings fall off, he falls into the ocean and dies.